From the Bowery to Broadway Lew Fields and the Roots of American Popular Culture Essay Example For Students

From the Bowery to Broadway: Lew Fields and the Roots of American Popular Culture Essay Eight years in the making, From the Bowery to Broadway: Lew Fields and the Roots of American Popular Theater is theatre history with an epic sweep. At the center of this vibrant, richly detailed pageant of American show business from the 1880s to the Great Depression is an archetypal American hero, a Jewish immigrant named Moses Schoenfeld who fashioned himself into Lew Fields, one of the masters of the early Broadway stage. Among the books,many virtues is that it rescues from the edge of oblivion a once-celebrated figure now largely unknown to the general theatre-going public, and remembered by specialists for only one phase of his protean career: his teamwork with Joe Weber as the Dutch comic duo Weber and Fields. Our impetus in beginning the project was to find out about family roots, said Marc Fields, who co-wrote the book with his father Armond, in a recent interview. My father, who was born in 1930, is the grandson of Lews elder brother Max. We figured nobody else would write about Lew. Most show business biographies are usually a succession of scandals and anecdotes, but we werent interested in that. A good thing, too, because, as the co-author himself attests, Lew Fields was essentially a strait-laced Victorian in his outlook: He did not employ the casting couch. He was every bit as talented as Florenz Ziegfeld but he is not as well known because, unlike Ziegfeld, he was not a womanizer. Fields was not one to construct a larger-than-life persona oozing with sex and ego. Offstage he was a devoted husband and father with relatively modest flaws: He gambled; he mismanaged money; he overworked himself; and, like many immigrants, he was willing to erase his ethnic heritage in order to achieve American success. But if Fieldss life was virtually barren so far as the gossip factor, and if he is an engaging rather than a mythic protagonist, he is also, as his biographers amply document, an extraordinarily fertile figure in other ways. Fieldss career covered all the major forms of popular entertainment of his day, from the minstrel show, burlesque and variety through revues, extravaganzas, the book musical and early silent movies. Wit and savvy showmanship In glistening detail, the authors re-create the Bowery melting pot out of which the great comic team of Weber and Fields was born. out of the immigrant culture in which they were both raised and the rough-and-ready variety entertainment of the time (before the form became gentrified and began to call itself by the Frenchified name vaudeville), Weber and Fields devised Mike and Meyer, a Dutch duo who assaulted each other verbally and physically. Their knock-about, cross-fire routines, peppered with malapropisms and miscommunication, reflected the struggles, the missteps and the moxie of the immigrant audiences who came to laugh at themselves. Not content to place Weber and Fields behind the glass of history, the authors make a convincing case for them as forerunners of the anarchy dispelled by the Marx Brothers and the rude, realistic contemporary satire of In Living Color and Saturday Night Live. Around the turn of the century, Weber and Fieldss burlesques, performed at their own Music Hall, were a beloved Broadway tradition-popular entertainments gleaming with wit and savvy showmanship. Joe Weber was satisfied to remain in place, recycling the same basic formulas, but Fields became compelled to move on and so the partners split, though they were to be reunited for numerous return engagements. In his never-ending attempts to both renew himself as a performer and revise and reshape the theatrical formats he had inherited, Fields became a musical theatre pioneer whose modernizing touches helped lead the way out of the serendipity of 19th-century variety into the fluid, seamless coherence of the book musical. Far from ending his career as a relic, Fields in the 20s (with the help of his two children, librettist Herbert and lyricist Dorothy, whom he had attempted to forbid from careers in the theatre) produced a series of adventurous, up-to-date musicals like Peggy Ann, Chee-Chee , Hit the Deck and A Connecticut Yankee. .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 , .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .postImageUrl , .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 , .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:hover , .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:visited , .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:active { border:0!important; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:active , .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729 .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7fa8687a513fe717036d7b12a16b6729:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music as culture EssayHaving begun his career at a time when Puritanical anti-theatrical prejudice still stained the profession, Fields struggled to achieve respectability. The attempt flavored his life with tantalizing and often unresolved contradictions: He was a burlesque comic who yearned for the prestige he felt only a career as a dramatic actor could convey; he was a performer who wanted the creative powers of a producer and a director; he was an artistic renegade whose ambitions were undermined by the demands of the commercial marketplace he tried both to elevate and to appease. But-as the authors realize, even if their subject never quite seems to-the ability to cr eate satisfying popular entertainment is no mean gift. Longer chores lines   Show business is as much about the business as the show, Marc Fields says. We wanted to demonstrate that the business was as much a part of a showmans life as the shows were. Here again, Fields proves an exemplary figure. He was an early adversary of the monopolistic Syndicate, whose cutthroat practices changed forever the way the business is conducted. And in his long and tumultuous association with the Shuberts (who challenged and ultimately conquered the Syndicate), Fields was exposed first-hand to the school-of-sharks method of how shows were financed, booked, routed and advertised. In 1906, after his break with Weber, Fields became a partner of the money-wise Shuberts. Unlike them, however, Fields was a perfectionist who paid high salaries to his employees, hired chorus lines that were larger than those of any of his competitors, and spent much of his twenties. This sympathy is complicated by his erotic attraction to his personal oppressors, overtly heterosexual figures like the older bullies he married at Mettray, and American and French policemen and soldiers. Fascinatingly repulsive   This literal exhibition of Genets sexuality, both in his writing and his personal liaisons, becomes a way for White to make Genets private expression political. In a recent lecture, White asserted that Genet wrote to seduce the heterosexual reader. He went on to suggest that this motive was decidedly political in its attempt to confront the surface rectitude of Genets audience with the poetic sociology of an alien underworld. Viewed from what might be considered a normative perspective, this focus implies the invention of an other which is fascinatingly repulsive, an other that signifies unknown territory, uncharted human experience, but that attracts by appearing violent and vital-which lends Whites analysis of Genets psyche an importance beyond the narrow limits of the artists particular psychology, and implies that this biography of Genet is also a sociohistoric accounting of the culture which made him what he was. But White seems to place himself outside the seductive power of Genet as other. His writing is lucid and elegant, consistently moving away from the lush hyperbole of Genets own prose. He attempts to flatten where Genet ornaments, using his detailed research to get under the surface of Genets texts and into the workings of his mind. But, as White knows, the texts (and the man) retain many layers of onion skin, layers that merge into each other to create a complexly patterned fabric that is at its core a grand illusion. For at the heart of this book is an absence, a hole around which all Whites words revolve. A hole where Genet should be. And Genet remains, like the Queen in The Balcony, in and not in his palace of the imagination, embroidering and not embroidering his lace handkerchief, to be conjured only in and through a fictional language which reflects, always, itself. spared no expense in glazing his musical spectacles with the finest possible production values. As a result, he ended up not as the Shuberts partner but as their employee, and he had to work harder and harder to pay off his growing debt to them. Quite unlike the Shuberts, Fields was a splendid showman who never mastered the business of putting on shows. .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 , .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .postImageUrl , .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 , .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:hover , .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:visited , .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:active { border:0!important; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:active , .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170 .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a2306575b554cf91e0c9a9e657ba170:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gatsby’s Unrealistic American Dream in The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald EssayOur first draft was 1,000 pages, Marc Fields says, and of course our editor demanded cuts. From the Bowery to Broadway is still very long, and wide pages thick with smallish typeface may prove daunting to prospective readers. But despite the fact that it contains more production details than it needs, the book never loses narrative momentum as it swings deftly from panoramic long shots to intimate closeups, intercutting backstage and onstage scenes, exploring the tensions between Lews creative problems and the hustling he had to do to get his work produced, and between his private a nd public lives. The authors voluminous research bespeaks an unimpeachable academic competence and rigor, but the book is written in a brisk, snappy style which matches and indeed helps to illuminate its subject. Like the popular forms it chronicles, this is theatre history that is both edifying and fun.

Why Almost Everything Youve Learned About Essay Topics for Engineering Students Is Wrong and What You Should Know

Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Essay Topics for Engineering Students Is Wrong and What You Should Know As a teacher, you won't have the ability to cover every facet of engineering ethics, therefore it can be useful to have your students engage in some independent research. Obviously, it would be an extremely beneficial ability for university or college students, for the reason that they are always. Many students think that it is a waste of time. In the majority of colleges, hardly any students decide to specialize in Engineering. Second, it ought not be form out of your private opinion. 1 thing people frequently overlook in regards to break up psychology is the simple fact that the practice follows a predictable course. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on distinct views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. The very first issue is to be conscious that this sort of challenge exists. The Unexpected Truth About Essay Topics for Engineering Students Exactly like different businesses have different design principles and practices, faculty and engineering programs have various variations of the plan process also. So, one must be clever to compose an engineering paper. Engineering is broken into different kinds. If you're not pleased with the aforementioned topics, here are few more in the subsequent list that will handle the hardware portion of computer engineering. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. Tell our experts what sort of homework help on the internet you want to get. To guarantee that you will locate a complete answer to every question, we've got a support team that is always online. The ways students ought to be taught about their wellness. Whether writing on agriculture-related topics or some other region of study, essay writing was used as a technique of assessment at all educational institutions for a very long moment. If you still don't understand how to prepare an intriguing speech, EssayShark can assist you. All things considered, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. An engineering essay is nearly always an official document that doesn't allow for slang of contractions. The Ultimate Essay Topics for Engineering Students Trick The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the vast majority of our clients require is essay writing. When prior brainstorming is finished, you can begin drafting your essay. Reading the conversation of feasible areas of a report or dissertation should let you know the method by which they differ from essays. An improved begin for many essays could possibly be the interpretative argument. Whether or not your essay is intended to persuade the college admissions team that. You might also compose a narrative essay to talk about your story about traditional or internet learning. If you wish to finish your engineering essay, we can write an essay sample for you and provide you with a great quantity of articles on your favorite essay. Writing a great persuasive essay is not a simple job, however, it's achievable. You may decide to write on the issue you've already formed an opinion about. Following are different kinds of essay topics for students that are categorized in many sections so you can easily chose the topic in accordance with your need and requirement. Before writing about this subject, you are probably going to have to do your fair share of research. The revisions are unquestionably free! Thus, in the event that you opted to write about this subject, do so objectively. Each wide topic listed here is followed by means of a set of questions that students may utilize to guide their inquiry. Deciding upon a simple topic may prove to be an incorrect track because you may have difficulties finding credible sources to support your views. After you inform us about all of the paper information, we'll begin searching for an appropriate writer for your paper. Detecting a gynae isn't in any way difficult. Students are accustomed to the simple fact which their professors give them with the assignment's topic. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. The paper presentation topics are somewhat more valuable for the students to share their wisdom and increase their communication abilities. For this reason, you might have to look f or good topics for high school research papers on the net.

Restaurant Management Research Paper Topics

Restaurant Management Research Paper TopicsRestaurant management research paper topics deal with industry developments. These can include restaurant concepts, new promotions, or restaurant equipment. They often give readers a perspective on the current market trends in the industry.Research paper topics can be designed by someone who is trained in business management or they can be created by individuals from other areas of the field. The best aspect about them is that it gives readers an inside look into the inner workings of a particular industry.There are many food management research paper topics available. It all depends on the type of food that you want to investigate. If it is about a specific restaurant or brand of food, you will need to find a topic that will best suit your needs.However, for restaurants looking to promote their brand or just want to find out about new products and ideas, the restaurant management research paper topics are a great way to do this. You will be able to discover the importance of the business model, consumer trends, and even the product development process. This will help you understand the industry more and better manage your business.There are a number of websites that offer research paper topics. You will need to select one that best fits your business. Each will have different options and topics, so it is up to you to make sure that you get one that will best suit your needs.Another advantage of having restaurant management research paper topics is that they provide you with an insight into the industry. They are not aimed at those in the industry. That means that your writing can reflect the insights of others that might not be as knowledgeable in the subject.Because of this, restaurant management research paper topics are great for anyone in the industry. Whether you want to know how to start a restaurant, how to get a franchise, or any other business, this will give you the insight you need.

Is Peggy the Only One of My Students Who I Do Not Expect to Find Help From?

Is Peggy the Only One of My Students Who I Do Not Expect to Find Help From?'Is Peggy the Only One of My Students Who I Do Not Expect to Find Help From?' 'Does Peggy Not Have Any Important Job Qualifications, Like at Least One Other Student With Those Qualifications Do?''I Am a Single Mom and So Are My Children, But Do I Have to Provide Their Other Than Education And Health Care And Health Insurance And Financial Aid And Money And Vacation And School Fees And Loans And Food And Clothing And That's Just From Me?' 'My Student Is So Embarrassed By Me That She Can't Get Any Of My Help.' 'Do I Have To Work the Help Off The Bill, Or Can I Actually Help Them With Some Of Those Very Serious Stuffs That I Thought I Had Mastered But that Just Turns Out I'm So Embarrassed About That I Just Can't Get Help Here, Because I Haven't Covered It All Yet?''Has it Ever Occurred to Me That If I Was Actually Ready To Study For That Test Next Week, I Wouldn't Be Looking For Ways To Beat It Because I'd Have Taken The Test, Just As I WOULD Have For Every Test That Is As Important As This One And Which Every Class Boy Has Taken Once Upon A Time?''Peggy, I Am Still Striving To Fill My Position And Enrolling In That Good School And An Online School Is The Only Way That I Can Do That Yet. The Only Problem I Have With That is That You Don't Know Anything About Online Schools Or How To Get One And I am Sorry That You Don't Yet Have One!My students are generally very nice, but some of them really would like some help. They are just one or two years behind and I really want to see them catch up to where they should be. What Should I Do About It?'Peggy, I think you have to take a step back, take a deep breath, and realize that you're not the only one who has some issues. Let me say this - You are NOT the ONLY ONE. There are many other people who also struggle with the same problems as you. But you need to realize that you're not the only one who struggles with the same issues that your classmate s.

What Are Good Comparison and Contrast Essay Topics?

What Are Good Comparison and Contrast Essay Topics?One of the most important parts of an essay is knowing what sort of comparison and contrast essay topics to choose from. It is important to know that while a direct comparison is most likely going to turn some readers off, it can actually help you stand out. The fact is that readers who are more selective in their choice of words have a better chance of paying attention. There are many very good comparison and contrast essay topics to choose from, so it is important to do some research.Comparison and contrast essay topics can be selected by asking yourself which type of writing appeals to you. There are many different types of writing styles, but some common themes include essays that are based on factual information, contemporary fiction, and movies. Each type of writing has its own style of argumentation. So you need to understand what type of writing styles you are comfortable with before deciding on a comparison and contrast essa y topic.You will find that there is a wide variety of essay topics to choose from. For example, a direct comparison might include writing about historical events, current events, sports, entertainment, history, or even a work of fiction. You will also find that the topic could be contemporary fiction, action/adventure, fairy tales, or even drama.The main type of comparison and contrast essay topics that appeal to many people are fictional stories. Fiction is something that is very personal and provides insight into your own personal experiences. These kind of essays are excellent because it is easy to find a clear distinction between real and fictional worlds. If you are looking for something more 'current' to compare and contrast, consider writing an essay on current events, such as politics, business, or any other field of interest.The main thing to remember is that a writer has to come up with a specific topic first before thinking about using this particular topic. It is importa nt to consider what you are truly interested in when choosing the topic of an essay. If you find a topic that intrigues you and then you take the time to look at the many writing samples available, you are bound to find that it really is as easy as pie to find a contrast and comparison essay topic that appeals to you.It is important to remember that there are many quality comparison and contrast essay topics to choose from. Many of these topics are available for free, and if you can find the one that is going to interest you, there is nothing wrong with using it. Once you find the right writing sample, you can consider adding some embellishments to make it seem more personal and interesting. Keep in mind that even if you add some details, it will still be the same composition you created.Remember that both direct and indirect comparisons and contrast essay topics are very easy to write and they can help you stand out from your competition. When writing an essay it is very important to take a little time to think about what sort of information you would like to highlight. This allows you to pick a contrasting theme to use that will stand out in your essay.

The Hillsborough disaster Essay Essay Example

The Hillsborough disaster Essay Essay The Hillsborough catastrophe was an incident that occurred on 15 April 1989 at the Hillsborough bowl in Sheffield. England. during the FA cup semi-final lucifer between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest association football nines. The crush resulted in the deceases of 96 people and hurts to 766 others. The incident has since been blamed chiefly on the constabulary. The incident remains the worst stadium-related catastrophe in British history and one of the world’s worst association football catastrophes. association football nines used to contend the semi-final of the FA Cup at a impersonal locale. and in 1989 Hillsborough was selected by the association football. While opposing protagonists were segregated in the bowl. Liverpool fans were allocated the Leppings Lane base. reached by a limited figure of turnstiles. Entry to the land was slow due to the few decrepit turnstiles available to the Liverpool fans which caused unsafe overcrowding outside the land before kick-off. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hillsborough disaster Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Hillsborough disaster Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Hillsborough disaster Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In an effort to ease force per unit area outside the land. Chief Superintendent Duckenfield ordered an issue gate to be opened. The opened issue gate led to a tunnel marked â€Å"Standing† which led straight to the two already overcrowded enclosures ( pens ) . In old old ages the tunnel had been closed off by constabulary when the two cardinal pens were full. nevertheless on this juncture the tunnel was unmanned. The resulting inflow of protagonists caused suppression and some fans climbed over side fencings or were lifted by fellow protagonists onto the base above to get away the crush. Moments after kick-off. a crush barrier broke and fans began to fall on top of each other. The game was stopped after six proceedingss. To transport away the injured. protagonists tore down advertisement billboards to utilize as stretchers and exigency services were called to supply aid. Of the 96 people who died. 14 were admitted to infirmary. When the FA Chairman visited the Control Box to happen out what had happened. Chief Superintendent Duckenfield told a ‘disgraceful prevarication that the protagonists had â€Å"rushed† the gate. The 1990 functionary enquiry into the catastrophe. the Taylor Report. concluded â€Å"the chief ground for the catastrophe was the failure of constabulary control. The findings of the study resulted in the riddance of standing patios at all major football bowls in England. Wales and Scotland. On the twentieth day of remembrance of the catastrophe. authorities curate Andy Burnham called for the constabulary. ambulance and all other public bureaus to let go of paperss which were non made available to Lord Justice Taylor in 1989. This action led to the formation of the Hillsborough Independent Panel. which in September 2012 concluded that no Liverpool fans were responsible for the deceases. and that efforts had been made by the governments to hide what happened. including the change by constabulary of 116 statements associating to the catastrophe. The facts in the study prompted immediate apologies from Prime Minister David cameron ; the Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police Chairman David Bernstein and Kelvin Mackenzie. then-editor of The Sun. for their organisations’ several functions. In September 2012. the Hillsborough Independent Panel concluded that up to 41 of the 96 human deaths might hold been avoided had they received prompt medical intervention. The study revealed â€Å"multiple failures† by other exigency services and public organic structures which contributed to the decease toll. In response to the panel’s study. Attorney General for England and Waless. Dominic Grieve MP. confirmed he would see all the new grounds to measure whether the original inquest finding of facts of inadvertent decease could be overturned. On 19 December 2012. a new inquest was granted in the High Court. to the alleviation of the households and friends of the Hillsborough deceased. 1. Examination of Evidence associating to the Hillsborough football bowl catastrophe. Lord Justice Stuart-Smith. February 1998. Page 83. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. southyorks. constabulary. uk/sites/default/files/STUART 2. Conn. David ( 17 April 2009 ) . â€Å"Football: David Conn on Hillsborough† . The Guardian. Retrieved 12 September 2012. 3. ^ Eason. Kevin ( 13 April 2009 ) . â€Å"Hillsborough: the catastrophe that changed football† . The Times ( UK ) . Retrieved 1 October 2009.

Writing Tighter How to Cut Your Writing Down to Size

Writing Tighter How to Cut Your Writing Down to Size â€Å"I apologize for writing such a long letter. I didn’t have time to write a short one.† – Mark Twain It’s debatable what the actual quote is and whether it is actually Mark Twain’s, but either way it’s a great statement of the truth. It does indeed take longer - much longer - to write a short letter, blog post, essay, resume, etc. than it does to write a long one. I have frequently taken two-page resumes and cut them down to one without loss of content. Five-page single-spaced personal statements reduce to 500 words. Remarkable right? An example: I worked with a social media marketing expert to create the â€Å"perfect† blog post for LinkedIn. The original draft was 5,504 characters long - 1,777 characters over the LinkedIn limit! In 15 minutes, we had edited the blog down to size. How did we do it? Here are some tips to help you make the grade: Look for anything that could be characterized as â€Å"window dressing.† That’s the stuff you write around the important points! Find the nugget and stick to it! Are you repeating yourself? Stop! Once is enough. We get it. Stay organized. Often the source of rambling language is simply lack of organization and focus. Ask yourself about each and every sentence: How many words can I remove from this sentence and retain its meaning? Go ahead†¦ remove those extra words! You can do it! (Yes, there are extra words in that last sentence. Can you find them?) If you’re really in a bind, remove or reduce the space between bullet points or paragraphs. Only take this drastic measure as a last resort. White space is a prized commodity, especially in a blog or resume! If you remove something and your message no longer transmits, put it back in! Theres always somewhere else you can cut out. The process takes time, but it’s worth it. Your newly trimmed writing will be snappy, punchy and geared to today’s short attention spans! If you are reading this sentence, I’ve followed my own advice.